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A mentality region that processes sight and sound simultaneously in monkeys could hold the key to excuse how ventriloquist make the illusion that their puppet can speak .
" The prevail wisdom among brain scientist has been that each of the five senses — sight , audience , olfactory property , soupcon and appreciation — is govern by its own corresponding region of the head , " read study team fellow member Jennifer Groh , a neurobiologist at Duke University in Durham , N.C. " Now we are lead off to appreciate that it ’s not that simple . "
“The Human Jukebox " Ventriloquist Terry Fator, who was the champion on NBC’s show “America’s Got Talent” performs at the East Texas State fair in Tyler, Texas, on Wednesday, Sept. 26, 2007.
The finding , detail online this calendar week in the journal for theProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , offer new perceptiveness into how the brain build a utter picture of the world based on stimulant from our skunk . It could also help shed wakeful onsynesthesia , a uncommon neurological condition in which two or more senses are intertwined .
Brain ’s Grand Central
By studying rhesus rapscallion , the researchers found that the substandard colliculus , a tiny structure in the brain known to be important for hearing , can respond simultaneously to ocular remark from theeyesand levelheaded information from the ears .
The inferior colliculus is less than a half - column inch in diam and is one of several other stoppage for signal run from the spike to the cortex , the analytic part of the brain that stitch smell out stimuli together into coherent thoughts . Previous studies had shown that the deficient colliculus also receives inputs from nerve cells in the retina .
The structure is situate in one of the most naive domain of the brain , suggesting the power to multitask with the gumption has inscrutable evolutionary roots .
" Our results show that there are interaction between the sensory pathway that fall out very early in the process , which implies that the integration of the different senses may be a more naive mental process and one not need gamey - stage brain routine , " Groh said .
Experiments by Groh ’s squad show that about 64 percentage of the nerve cell in the inferior colliculus can transmit visual as well as auditory signals .
" This think that ocular and audile info gets combined quite early , and before the ' thinking part ' of the encephalon can make gumption of it , " Groh said .
Fooling the brain
This has implications for ventriloquy . In ancient times , the power to throw off one’svoicewas affiliate withmagicand witchcraft and the power to commune with the dead . today , it is mainly viewed as a neat trick , and aspiring magicians can larn it by following instructions found on the WWW .
While the trick is no longer a closed book , how ventriloquism arse around the brain has stay on unknown . The new bailiwick indicate that the association between the voice and the moving sassing of the puppet dummy is made before the viewer consciously thinks about it .
" The center see the lips moving and the capitulum hear the phone , and the learning ability immediately jump to the close about the rootage of the voice , " Groh explain .
The same process also explains why the words being spoken by someone on TV appear to be come out of their mouth , even though the television speakers are settle to the side of the set , Groh said .
The team suspect there are undiscovered regions in the brain where other horse sense are process at the same time . The findings suggest that everyone is a " synesthete " to some degree .
" It must be the case that some amount of intermingling of the grass is normal , " Groh toldLiveScience . " And there must be something different about synesthetes , maybe in the academic degree to which the connections are twine . "
